تعداد نویسندگان، جنسیت نویسندگان، و موضع نویسنده: یک تحلیل پیکره محور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

چکیده

مطالعات بسیاری بر اهمیت نقش فراگفتمان در نوشتار آکادمیک تاکید کرده اند. به عنوان یکی از اجزای اصلی فراگفتمان، موضع نویسنده اخیرا توجه نسبتا زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. یکی از سوالات در این زمینه (که منجر به نتایج متضاد هم شده است) رابطه بین جنسیت نویسنده و استفاده از نشانگرهای موضع نویسنده است. به علاوه، تحقیقات درباره رابطه بین تعداد نویسندگان مقاله و نشانگرهای موضع نویسنده در مقالات تحقیقاتی بسیار اندک است. بنابراین، هدف مقاله حاضر بررسی رابطه جنسیت و تعداد نویسنده با نشانگرهای موضع نویسنده در مقالات تحقیقاتی رشته زبانشناسی کاربردی است. به این منظور، پیکره رایانه ای متشکل از 416 مقاله (حاوی بیش از 2.6 میلیون کلمه نهایی پس از پاکسازی مقالات) برای سوال مربوط به تعداد نویسندگان مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. بعلاوه، تعداد 199 مقاله پیکره هم برای بررسی رابطه جنسیت و موضع نویسنده استفاده شد. فراوانی استاندارد شده نشانگرهای موضع نویسنده با استفاده از نرم افزار تحلیل پیکره لنکس باکس استخراج شدند. سپس، داده های استحصال شده با استفاده از تست من-ویتنی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند تا رابطه جنسیت و تعداد نویسنده با موضع نویسنده مشخص شود. در مورد رابطه تعداد نویسندگان با اجزای موضع نویسنده (شامل نشانگرهای تخفیف، تقویت، اشاره به خود، و نگرش نویسنده) نتایج مختلفی به دست آمد، اما نتایح تست دوم هیچ رابطه معناداری بین جنسیت و موضع نویسنده مشخص نکرد.

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